If you're opting for a purebred dog, there are health problems inherent with any breed. There are a few breeds, however, that tend to experience fewer medical issues than others. Talk to the breeder about your breeding pair's health to get an idea of what issues your puppy may face.
Poodle
Standard poodles have a long life expectancy (about 15 years) compared with other large breeds and have few health concerns. Most health problems that can appear in poodles are eye-related, such as cataracts, teary eyes and progressive retinal atrophy.
Beagle
Beagles are active little dogs who like a lot of exercise. Plenty of physical activity with a quality diet, will help keep them healthy for the long-term. Although there are a few genetic health concerns with beagles, such as epilepsy and heart problems, not all lines exhibit these problems, so getting the health background from the breeder will prepare you for difficulties your dog may face.
Labrador Retriever
Black, yellow, chocolate or silver, whichever lab you choose, you'll be getting a dog with minimal genetic health problems. Talk to the breeder to see if your labrador's line is prone to joint dysplasia or eye disorders.
Chihuahua
Chihuahuas have experienced genetic health problems in the past due to irresponsible breeding. However, if you get your Chihuahua from a reputable breeder, your dog won't likely experience problems with epilepsy or hip dysplasia. You can do your part to minimize stress-related problems by providing a safe environment that makes her feel secure.
Greyhound
Loyal and brave, greyhounds are a surprisingly healthy breed. Some can have problems with bloat, but feeding them smaller, more frequent meals -- rather than giving them their entire ration of food at once -- will eliminate that problem. Some greyhounds have dental issues; but by providing regular cleanings and toys that encourage chewing you should be able to keep your greyhound from significant dental problems.
Border Collie
The highly intelligent and active border collie has a fairly long life expectancy at around 15 years. This breed isn't known for experiencing a number of health issues, although some may have seizures or hip dysplasia.
Basenji
Basenjis are an athletic and curious breed that are friendly and intelligent as well. The minimal health concerns for Basenjis include possible kidney and eye problems, which are treatable if caught in the early stages.
Bichon Frise
The fluffy and charming Bichon Frise is fairly low-maintenance when it comes to health concerns. They can be prone to allergies, which can cause ear and skin conditions, but thankfully those are treatable ailments.
Doberman Pinscher
Like the Chihuahua, the Doberman pinscher was once known for a number of health problems due to irresponsible breeding. But just as with any purebred dog, if you consult with the breeder on the puppy's genetic lineage, you can be reassured that your Doberman shouldn't have a tendency towards joint dysplasia or heart defects. There are two conditions, however, that Doberman pinschers are prone to, and both are serious. Those are Von Willegbrands disease, a blood disorder, and wobbler disease, a condition that affects the spine.
Australian Cattle Dog
Although Australian cattle dogs have an average life expectancy of about 15 years, there have been Aussies that lived more than 20 years -- the oldest dog on record was an Aussie. These hardworking herd dogs are an extremely healthy breed with only hip dysplasia and deafness as possible health concerns.
Always check with your veterinarian before changing your pet’s diet, medication, or physical activity routines. This information is not a substitute for a vet’s opinion.
References
Writer Bio
Elle Di Jensen has been a writer and editor since 1990. She began working in the fitness industry in 1987, and her experience includes editing and publishing a workout manual. She has an extended family of pets, including special needs animals. Jensen attended Idaho and Boise State Universities. Her work has appeared in various print and online publications.